自动分拣设备

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　　快递一般来说可分为包裹、扁平件和信函三种属性的货物。

　　信函有专门的信函分拣机，扁平件也有专门的扁平件分拣机。针对包裹的全自动分拣机形式非常多，从分拣机的形式来分可分为直线形和环形两种。直线形常用的有滑块式、弹出滚简式和弹出滚轮式等;环形有交叉带分拣机、翻盘式分拣机等。

　　下面简单介绍快递服务活动中常用到的几种分拣机。

　　Generally speaking, express delivery can be divided into three kinds of goods: parcels, flat pieces and letters.

　　There are special letter sorters for letters and special flat sorters for flats. There are many forms of full-automatic sorters for parcels. From the form of sorters, they can be divided into linear and circular. The commonly used linear shapes include slider type, pop-up roller type and pop-up roller type; There are cross belt sorters, tilt tray sorters, etc. in the ring.

　　The following briefly introduces several sorters commonly used in express service activities.

　　1)交叉带分拣机

　　交叉带分拣机有很多种形式，比较普遍的是一车双带式，即一个小车.上面有两段垂直的皮带，既可以在每段皮带上搬送-一个包裹， 也可以两段皮带合起来搬送一个包裹。在两段皮带合起来搬送一个包裹的情况下，可以通过在分拣机两段皮带方向的预动作，使包裹的方向与分拣方向一致以减少 格口的间距要求。

　　交叉带分拣机的优点是噪声低、可分拣货物范围广，通过双边供包和格口优化可以实现单台最大能力约每小时2万件。但缺点也是比较明显的，即造价比较昂贵、维护费用高。

　　1) Cross belt sorter

　　There are many forms of cross belt sorters, and the more common one is a car with two belts, that is, a car There are two vertical belts on the top, which can transport one package on each belt, or two belts can be combined to transport one package. When the two belts are combined to transport -- packages, the package direction can be consistent with the sorting direction through the pre action in the two belt directions of the sorter, so as to reduce the spacing requirements of the grid.

　　The advantages of the cross belt sorter are low noise and wide range of goods that can be sorted. The maximum capacity of a single sorter is about 20000 pieces per hour through bilateral bag supply and slot optimization. But the disadvantages are also obvious, that is, the cost is relatively expensive and the maintenance cost is high.

　　2)翻盘式分拣机

　　翻盘式分拣机通过托盘倾翻的方式将包裹分拣出去，该分拣机在快递行业有一定程度的应用，但更多的是应用在机场行李分拣领域，最大能力可以达到每小时1.2万件。标准翻盘式分拣机由木托盘、倾翻装置和底部框架组成，倾翻分为机械倾翻和电动倾翻两种。

　　2) Tilt tray sorter

　　The tilting tray sorter sorts out parcels by tilting the tray. The sorter is applied in the express industry to a certain extent, but it is more applied in the field of airport baggage sorting, with a maximum capacity of 12000 pieces per hour. The standard tilting tray sorter is composed of wooden tray, tilting device and bottom frame. Tilting is divided into mechanical tilting and electric tilting.

　　3)滑块式分拣机

　　滑块式分拣机在快递行业应用非常多，可靠且故障率非常低。在大的分拨中心，如UPS的路易斯维尔，就使用了大量的滑块式分拣机来完成预分拣和最终分拣。滑块式分拣机可以多台交叉重叠起来使用，以满足单-滑块式分拣机无法达到的能力要求。

　　3) Slide sorter

　　The slide sorter is widely used in the express industry, which is reliable and has a very low failure rate. In large distribution centers, such as Louisville, UPS, a large number of slide sorters are used to complete pre sorting and final sorting. The slide sorter can be used with multiple cross overlaps to meet the capacity requirements that the single slide sorter cannot meet.

　　4)弹出滚筒式和弹出滚轮式分拣机

　　这两种分拣机的处理能力都不高，适合于二级中转站使用。优点是价格比较便宜。民营快递公司在站点内多使用手动滚简输送设备，在集散转运中心多使用电动输送设备，可以有效地降低劳动强度、加快分拣速度。

　　4) Eject roller and eject roller sorters

　　The processing capacity of these two sorters is not high, and they are suitable for secondary transfer stations. The advantage is that the price is relatively cheap. Private express companies use more manual rolling conveying equipment in stations and more electric conveying equipment in distribution and transfer centers, which can effectively reduce labor intensity and speed up sorting speed.

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　　If you have a unique idea about today's article, you are welcome to leave us a message. Let's meet tomorrow. I wish you a happy day today!

　　翻译：百度翻译

　　参考文献：《快递网络：复杂性及规划运营管理》

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